The uproar prompted more than two dozen states to activate the National Guard to restore order. Many larger cities imposed curfews.

The former president’s main call to action was a plea for angry citizens to exercise their right to vote. Obama said that he “couldn’t disagree more” with the notion that “voting and participation in electoral politics is a waste of time" or that only protests are able to bring about direct change to policing practices and racial inequities.

While he noted that voting in federal elections was also critical, “the elected officials who matter most in reforming police departments and the criminal justice system work at the state and local levels,” he wrote.

Voter turnout in such races is “usually pitifully low,” he added, “especially among young people — which makes no sense given the direct impact these offices have on social justice issues, not to mention the fact that who wins and who loses those seats is often determined by just a few thousand, or even a few hundred, votes.”

Obama also urged activists to level more specific demands for change to make it more difficult for local leaders to only pay “lip service” to calls for reform and revert back to “business as usual” once protests wane.

“The bottom line is this: if we want to bring about real change, then the choice isn’t between protest and politics. We have to do both,” he continued, expressing hope at heightened activism by young people, and confidence that “this moment can be a real turning point in our nation’s long journey to live up to our highest ideals.”

Obama also condemned the widespread violence and admonished a “small minority of folks” for agitating chaos at the protests in some cities. Those stirring violence, Obama said were “detracting from the larger cause.

The former president also commended law enforcement in some cities who supported and even joined the demonstrations.

“Let’s not excuse violence, or rationalize it, or participate in it. If we want our criminal justice system, and American society at large, to operate on a higher ethical code, then we have to model that code ourselves,” he wrote.

The former president waded into the discourse about the unrest amid accusations of a leadership vacuum at the highest levels of the federal government.

President Donald Trump has said little publicly since the violence ramped up nationwide over the weekend, weighing in with brief remarks on Saturday at a space launch in Florida and on Twitter with incendiary tweets threatening violence and pushing mayors and governors to crack down on protesters. His aides have been divided over whether Trump should address the nation in an effort to ease some of the tensions.

Obama, meanwhile, has mostly retreated from public since leaving office in 2017, emerging rarely to weigh in on just a handful of issues, including most recently his endorsement of his former vice president, Joe Biden, and his criticism of the Trump administration’s handling of the coronavirus pandemic. He broke his silence on Floyd’s death on Friday with a statement detailing his “anguish” over police killings of black Americans.