Little was first elected governor of Idaho in 2018. He assumed office in January 2019.

Little was the 42nd lieutenant governor of Idaho. He assumed this position on January 6, 2009, following his appointment to fill the vacancy left by Jim Risch. Little ran for election in 2014. He won the Republican nomination in the primary on May 20, 2014, and won the general election on November 4, 2014. He did not seek re-election in 2018.

Before becoming lieutenant governor, Little represented District 11 in the Idaho State Senate from May 2001 until 2009.