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Former Chair, Agriculture Committee, United States House of Representatives
Co-Chair, Cement Caucus
Former Member, Commodity Exchanges, Energy, and Credit Subcommittee, United State House of Representatives
Co-Chair, Congressional Horse Caucus
Former Chair, Conservation and Forestry Subcommittee, United States House of Representatives
Former Member, Energy Subcommittee, United States House of Representatives
Former Member, Financial Institution and Consumer Credit Subcommittee, United States House of Representatives
Former Member, General Farm Commodities and Risk Management Subcommittee, United States House of Representatives
Former Member, General Farm Commodities and Risk Management Subcommittee, United States House of Representatives
Former Member, Monetary Policy and Trade Subcommittee, United States House of Representatives
Former Member, Research & Technology Subcommittee, United States House of Representatives
Former Member, Space Subcommittee, United States House of Representatives
Former Member, Subcommittee on National Security, International Development and Monetary Policy, United States House of Representatives
Former Chair, Agriculture Committee, United States House of Representatives
Co-Chair, Cement Caucus
Former Member, Commodity Exchanges, Energy, and Credit Subcommittee, United State House of Representatives
Co-Chair, Congressional Horse Caucus
Former Chair, Conservation and Forestry Subcommittee, United States House of Representatives
Former Member, Energy Subcommittee, United States House of Representatives
Former Member, Financial Institution and Consumer Credit Subcommittee, United States House of Representatives
Former Member, General Farm Commodities and Risk Management Subcommittee, United States House of Representatives
Former Member, General Farm Commodities and Risk Management Subcommittee, United States House of Representatives
Former Member, Monetary Policy and Trade Subcommittee, United States House of Representatives
Former Member, Research & Technology Subcommittee, United States House of Representatives
Former Member, Space Subcommittee, United States House of Representatives
Member, Committee on Financial Services
Ranking Member, Committee on Science, Space, and Technology
Member, Subcommittee on Consumer Protection and Financial Institutions
Member, Subcommittee on Diversity and Inclusion
Astrological Sign:
Capricorn
— Awards:
Champion of Small Business, Small Business Survival Committee
Staff of Life, Oklahoma Wheat Commission
Friend of the Farm Bureau, American Farm Bureau Federation
Guardian of Small Business, National Federation of Independent Business (NFIB)
Wheat Champion, National Association of Wheat Growers
Hero of the Taxpayer, Americans for Tax Reform, 2002
— Father's Occupation:
— Number of Grandchildren:
1. Do you generally support pro-choice or pro-life legislation?
- Pro-life
1. In order to balance the budget, do you support an income tax increase on any tax bracket?
- No
2. Do you support expanding federal funding to support entitlement programs such as Social Security and Medicare?
- Unknown Position
1. Do you support the regulation of indirect campaign contributions from corporations and unions?
- Unknown Position
1. Do you support the protection of government officials, including law enforcement officers, from personal liability in civil lawsuits concerning alleged misconduct?
- Unknown Position
Do you support increasing defense spending?
- Yes
1. Do you support federal spending as a means of promoting economic growth?
- Yes
2. Do you support lowering corporate taxes as a means of promoting economic growth?
- Unknown Position
3. Do you support providing financial relief to businesses AND/OR corporations negatively impacted by the state of national emergency for COVID-19?
- Yes
1. Do you support requiring states to adopt federal education standards?
- Unknown Position
1. Do you support government funding for the development of renewable energy (e.g. solar, wind, geo-thermal)?
- Yes
2. Do you support the federal regulation of greenhouse gas emissions?
- No
1. Do you generally support gun-control legislation?
- No
1. Do you support repealing the 2010 Affordable Care Act ("Obamacare")?
- Yes
2. Do you support requiring businesses to provide paid medical leave during public health crises, such as COVID-19?
- Yes
1. Do you support the construction of a wall along the Mexican border?
- Unknown Position
2. Do you support requiring immigrants who are unlawfully present to return to their country of origin before they are eligible for citizenship?
- Yes
1. Should the United States use military force to prevent governments hostile to the U.S. from possessing a weapon of mass destruction (for example: nuclear, biological, chemical)?
- Unknown Position
2. Do you support reducing military intervention in Middle East conflicts?
- Unknown Position
Do you generally support removing barriers to international trade (for example: tariffs, quotas, etc.)?
- Yes
1. Abortions should always be illegal.
- No Answer
2. Abortions should always be legal.
- No Answer
3. Abortions should be legal only within the first trimester of pregnancy.
- No Answer
4. Abortions should be legal when the pregnancy resulted from incest or rape.
- X
5. Abortions should be legal when the life of the woman is endangered.
- X
6. Prohibit public funding of abortions and to organizations that advocate or perform abortions.
- No Answer
7. Other or expanded principles
- No Answer
1. Agriculture
- Slightly Increase
2. Arts
- Maintain Status
3. Defense
- Greatly Increase
4. Education
- Slightly Increase
5. Environment
- Maintain Status
6. Homeland security
- Greatly Increase
7. International aid
- Greatly Decrease
8. Law enforcement
- Slightly Increase
9. Medical research
- Slightly Increase
10. National parks
- Slightly Increase
11. Public health services
- Maintain Status
12. Scientific research
- Slightly Increase
13. Space exploration programs
- Slightly Increase
14. Transportation and highway infrastructure
- Slightly Increase
15. Welfare
- Slightly Decrease
16. Emergency preparedness
- Greatly Increase
17. Other or expanded categories
- No Answer
1. Armed Forces personnel training
- Greatly Increase
2. Intelligence operations
- Slightly Increase
3. Military hardware
- Slightly Increase
4. Modernization of weaponry and equipment
- Slightly Increase
5. National missile defense
- Slightly Increase
6. Pay for active duty personnel
- Greatly Increase
7. Programs to improve troop retention rates
- Greatly Increase
8. Research and development of new weapons
- Slightly Increase
9. Troop and equipment readiness
- Slightly Increase
1. Less than $25,000
- Eliminate
2. $25,000-$75,000
- Greatly Decrease
3. $75,000-$150,000
- Slightly Decrease
4. Over $150,000
- Slightly Decrease
5. Other or expanded categories
- No Answer
6. Over $40,000
- Slightly Decrease
7. Alcohol taxes
- Maintain Status
8. Capital gains taxes
- Eliminate
9. Cigarette taxes
- Maintain Status
10. Corporate taxes
- Slightly Decrease
11. Gasoline taxes
- Maintain Status
12. Inheritance taxes
- Eliminate
13. Charitable contributions
- Slightly Increase
14. Child tax credit
- Slightly Increase
15. Earned income tax credit
- Maintain Status
16. Medical expense deduction
- Greatly Increase
17. Mortgage deduction
- Maintain Status
18. Student loan credit
- Slightly Increase
1. Do you support the permanent repeal of the federal estate tax?
- Yes
2. Do you support making President Bush's tax cuts permanent?
- Yes
3. Discuss your proposals for balancing the federal budget. (75 words or less. Please use an attached page if the space below is not adequate.)
- No Answer
4. Other or expanded principles
- No Answer
1. Support public taxpayer funding for federal candidates who comply with campaign spending limits.
- No Answer
2. Increase the amount individuals are permitted to contribute to federal campaigns.
- X
3. Prohibit Political Action Committee (PAC) contributions to candidates for federal office.
- No Answer
4. Allow unregulated soft money campaign contributions to political parties or committees.
- No Answer
5. Remove all contribution limits on federal campaigns and parties.
- No Answer
6. Require Section 527 organizations to register with the Federal Election Commission as Political Action Committees.
- No Answer
7. Do you support instant run-off voting?
- No Answer
8. Should Election Day be a national holiday?
- No Answer
9. Do you support a constitutional amendment that would define marriage as a union between a man and woman?
- Yes
10. Other or expanded principles
- No Answer
1. Support the use of the death penalty for federal crimes.
- X
2. Eliminate the use of the death penalty for federal crimes.
- No Answer
3. Support programs to provide prison inmates with educational, vocational and job-related skills and job-placement assistance when released.
- No Answer
4. Support programs to provide prison inmates with drug and alcohol addiction treatment.
- No Answer
5. Reduce prison sentences for those who commit non-violent crimes.
- No Answer
6. Require that crimes based on gender, sexual orientation, and disability be prosecuted as federal hate crimes.
- No Answer
7. Impose stricter penalties for those convicted of corporate crimes.
- No Answer
8. Minors accused of a violent crime should be prosecuted as adults.
- X
9. Other or expanded principles
- No Answer
1. Support mandatory jail sentences for selling illegal drugs.
- X
2. Expand federally sponsored drug education and drug treatment programs.
- No Answer
3. Decriminalize the possession of small amounts of marijuana.
- No Answer
4. Allow doctors to recommend marijuana to their patients for medicinal purposes.
- No Answer
5. Increase border security to stop the flow of illegal drugs into the United States.
- X
6. Eliminate federal funding for programs associated with the "war on drugs."
- No Answer
7. Support a federal law to standardize testing and penalties for steroid use in professional sports.
- No Answer
8. Other or expanded principles
- No Answer
1. Support national standards for and testing of public school students.
- No Answer
2. Allow parents to use vouchers, (equal opportunity scholarships) to send their children to any public school.
- No Answer
3. Allow parents to use vouchers, (equal opportunity scholarships) to send their children to any private or religious school.
- No Answer
4. Allow teachers and professionals to receive authorization and funding to establish charter schools.
- X
5. Reward teachers with merit pay for working in low-income schools.
- No Answer
6. Increase funding for school capital improvements (e.g. buildings, infrastructure, technology).
- No Answer
7. Support affirmative action in public college admissions.
- No Answer
8. Increase funding of programs such as Pell grants and Stafford loans to help students pay for college.
- X
9. Support federal tax incentives to help families save for college.
- X
10. Other or expanded principles
- No Answer
1. Increase funding for national job-training programs that re-train displaced workers or teach skills needed in today's job market.
- No Answer
2. Reduce government regulation of the private sector in order to encourage investment and economic expansion.
- X
3. Provide tax credits or grants to businesses that offer child care services to employees.
- X
4. Encourage employers to offer flex-time scheduling, comp-time, and unpaid leave for family emergencies.
- X
5. Eliminate all federal programs designed to reduce unemployment.
- No Answer
6. Increase the federal minimum wage.
- No Answer
7. Support the right of workers to strike without fear of being permanently replaced.
- No Answer
8. Include sexual orientation in federal anti-discrimination laws.
- No Answer
9. Other or expanded principles
- No Answer
10. The federal government should consider race and gender in government contracting decisions.
- No Answer
11. The federal government should discontinue affirmative action programs.
- No Answer
12. The federal government should continue affirmative action programs.
- No Answer
1. Strengthen the regulation and enforcement of the Clean Water Act.
- X
2. Strengthen the regulation and enforcement of the Clean Air Act.
- X
3. Support Clear Skies Act to reduce power plant emissions by setting a national cap on pollutants.
- No Answer
4. Require states to compensate citizens when environmental regulations limit uses of privately-owned land.
- X
5. Relax logging restrictions on federal lands.
- No Answer
6. Relax standards on federal lands to allow increased recreational usage.
- No Answer
7. Support increased development of traditional energy resources (e.g. coal, natural gas, oil).
- No Answer
8. Strengthen emission controls and fuel efficiency standards on all gasoline and diesel-powered engines, including cars, trucks, and sport utility vehicles.
- No Answer
9. Support opening a portion of the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge for oil exploration.
- X
10. Encourage further development and use of alternative fuels to reduce pollution.
- X
11. Support the use of ethanol as an alternative fuel.
- X
12. Allow energy producers to trade pollution credits.
- No Answer
13. Support the Kyoto Protocol to limit global warming.
- No Answer
14. Other or expanded principles
- No Answer
1. Reauthorize the ban on the sale or transfer of semi-automatic guns, except those used for hunting.
- No Answer
2. Maintain and strengthen the current level of enforcement of existing federal restrictions on the purchase and possession of guns.
- No Answer
3. Ease federal restrictions on the purchase and possession of guns.
- X
4. Repeal federal restrictions on the purchase and possession of guns.
- X
5. Allow citizens to carry concealed guns.
- X
6. Require background checks on gun sales between private citizens at gun shows.
- No Answer
7. Require a license for gun possession.
- No Answer
8. Other or expanded principles
- No Answer
1. Providing health care is not a responsibility of the federal government.
- No Answer
2. Implement a universal health care program to guarantee coverage to all Americans regardless of income.
- No Answer
3. Expand eligibility for tax-free medical savings accounts.
- X
4. Establish limits on the amount of punitive damages awarded in medical malpractice lawsuits.
- X
5. Support expanding prescription drug coverage under Medicare.
- No Answer
6. Offer tax credits to individuals and small businesses to offset the cost of insurance coverage.
- X
7. Support automatic enrollment of children in federal health care programs such as CHIP and Medicaid.
- No Answer
8. Support stem cell research on existing lines of stem cells.
- No Answer
9. Allow laboratories to create new lines of stem cells for additional research.
- No Answer
10. Other or expanded principles
- No Answer
1. Decrease the number of legal immigrants allowed into the country.
- No Answer
2. Establish English as the official national language.
- X
3. Support a temporary worker program that would enable illegal immigrants to work in the United States legally.
- No Answer
4. Relax restrictions barring legal immigrants from using government funded social programs (e.g. public housing, food stamps).
- No Answer
5. Support amnesty for illegal immigrants already working in the United States.
- No Answer
6. Other or expanded principles
- No Answer
1. Aid should be granted to countries when extraordinary circumstances cause disaster and threaten civilian lives.
- No Answer
2. Aid should be granted to countries when it is in the security interests of the United States.
- X
3. Aid should be eliminated for any nation with documented human rights abuses.
- No Answer
4. International Aid programs should be scaled back and eventually eliminated.
- X
5. Other or expanded principles
- No Answer
1. Should the United States continue to provide leadership in the Israeli-Palestinian peace process?
- Yes
2. Should the United States support the creation of a Palestinian state?
- Undecided
3. Should the United States withdraw its troops from Iraq?
- No
4. Should the United States send more troops to Iraq?
- Undecided
5. Other or expanded principles
- No Answer
6. Should the United States use diplomatic and economic pressure to encourage North Korea to abandon its nuclear weapons program?
- Yes
7. Should the United States use military force to dismantle the North Korean nuclear weapons program?
- Undecided
8. Should the United States remove the North Korean government from power?
- Undecided
9. Should the United States increase financial support to Afghanistan?
- Undecided
10. Should the United States increase military support to Afghanistan?
- Undecided
11. Should the United States maintain its financial support of the United Nations?
- No
12. Should the United States decrease its financial support of the United Nations?
- Yes
13. Should the United States commit troops to United Nations peacekeeping missions?
- Yes
14. Should the United States lift the travel ban to Cuba?
- No
15. Should the United States increase its financial support to Colombia to combat "the war on drugs?"
- Yes
16. Should aid to African nations for AIDS prevention programs fund distribution of contraceptives?
- Undecided
17. Should aid to African nations for AIDS prevention programs fund abstinence education?
- Yes
1. Do you support the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA)?
- No
2. Do you support the Central American Free Trade Agreement (CAFTA)?
- Yes
3. Do you support the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT)?
- No
4. Do you support continued U.S. membership in the World Trade Organization (WTO)?
- Undecided
5. Should a nation's human rights record affect its normal trade relations (most favored nation) status with the United States?
- Yes
6. Do you support the trade embargo against Cuba?
- Yes
7. Should trade agreements include provisions to address environmental concerns and to protect workers' rights?
- No Answer
8. Other or expanded principles
- No Answer
1. Do you support using military tribunals to try suspected terrorists when ordinary civilian courts are deemed inappropriate or impractical?
- Yes
2. Should the United States grant law enforcement agencies greater discretion to read mail and email, tap phones, and conduct random searches to prevent future terrorist attacks?
- No
3. Should the United States hold foreign states accountable for terrorists who operate in their country?
- Yes
4. Should the federal government increase funding to states and cities for homeland security?
- Yes
5. Do you support the prohibition of torture or cruel, inhuman, or degrading treatment or punishment of prisoners in U.S. custody?
- Yes
6. Do you support a policy of pre-emptive military strikes against countries deemed to be a threat to U.S. national security?
- No Answer
7. Other or expanded principles
- No Answer
1. Allow workers to invest a portion of their payroll tax in private accounts which they manage themselves.
- X
2. Allow workers to invest a portion of their payroll tax in private accounts managed by private firms contracted by the government.
- X
3. Invest a portion of Social Security assets collectively in stocks and bonds instead of United States Treasury securities.
- No Answer
4. Increase the payroll tax to better finance Social Security in its current form.
- No Answer
5. Lower the annual cost-of-living increases.
- No Answer
6. Raise the retirement age for individual eligibility to receive full Social Security benefits.
- No Answer
7. Other of expanded principles
- No Answer
1. Collect taxes on commercial Internet transactions.
- No Answer
2. Continue the moratorium on Internet taxation.
- No Answer
3. Implement government regulation of Internet content.
- No Answer
4. Support government mandates to curtail violent and sexual content on television.
- X
5. Support strict penalties for Internet crimes (e.g. hacking, identity theft, worms/viruses).
- X
6. Support legislation to detail how personal information can be collected and used on the Internet.
- No Answer
7. Regulating the Internet is not a responsibility of the federal government.
- No Answer
8. Other or expanded principles
- No Answer
1. Require welfare recipients to spend at least 40 hours a week in a combination of work and training programs.
- No Answer
2. Increase funding for child care programs.
- No Answer
3. Continue to give states and local governments flexibility in and responsibility for welfare programs through federal block grants.
- X
4. Direct federal poverty aid through religious, community-based, or other non-profit organizations.
- No Answer
5. Abolish all federal welfare programs.
- No Answer
6. Support housing assistance for welfare recipients.
- X
7. Other or expanded principles
- No Answer
On an attached page, disk, or via email, please explain in a total of 75 words or less, your top two or three priorities if elected. If they require additional funding for implementation, please explain how you would obtain this funding.
- No Answer
1. Do you generally support pro-choice or pro-life legislation?
- Pro-life
1. In order to balance the budget, do you support an income tax increase on any tax bracket?
- No
2. In order to balance the budget, do you support reducing defense spending?
- No
1. Do you support the regulation of indirect campaign contributions from corporations and unions?
- Unknown Position
1. Do you support federal spending as a means of promoting economic growth?
- No
2. Do you support lowering corporate taxes as a means of promoting economic growth?
- Yes
1. Do you support requiring states to adopt federal education standards?
- No
1. Do you support government funding for the development of renewable energy (e.g. solar, wind, thermal)?
- Yes
2. Do you support the federal regulation of greenhouse gas emissions?
- No
1. Do you generally support gun-control legislation?
- No
1. Do you support repealing the 2010 Affordable Care Act ("Obamacare")?
- Yes
1. Do you support the construction of a wall along the Mexican border?
- Yes
2. Do you support requiring immigrants who are unlawfully present to return to their country of origin before they are eligible for citizenship?
- Yes
Do you support the legalization of marijuana for recreational purposes?
- Unknown Position
1. Should the United States use military force in order to prevent governments hostile to the U.S. from possessing a nuclear weapon?
- Unknown Position
2. Do you support increased American intervention in Middle Eastern conflicts beyond air support?
- Unknown Position
Latest Action: House - 06/06/2019 Referred to the House Committee on Science, Space, and Technology.
Tracker:Latest Action: House - 05/30/2019 Referred to the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology, and in addition to the Committee on Armed Services, for a period to be subsequently determined by the Speaker, in each case for consideration of such provisions as fall within the jurisdiction of the committee concerned.
Tracker:Latest Action: House - 05/10/2019 Referred to the House Committee on Energy and Commerce.
Tracker:By Frank Lucas On May 13, the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) and Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA) issued a notice to all U.S. organizations researching treatments, diagnostics, and vaccines for COVID-19. Chinese hackers, they warned, are targeting universities and health care institutions, attempting to compromise our efforts to combat COVID-19. Unfortunately, the Chinese Communist Party's (CCP) attempts to infiltrate our universities and steal our intellectual property are not new. But because of COVID-19, the urgency to address this theft has grown. We simply cannot afford cyber-attacks on critical taxpayer-funded research. CCP theft of our nation's COVID-19 research has significant consequences for U.S. citizens. These attacks steal private patient information, corrupt public health data, and halt our progress towards vaccines and treatments, all while lives hang in the balance. And make no mistake -- should China use our research to develop a vaccine first, we should not expect it to be shared with us. In fact, given the CCP's unwillingness to share information, we may not even be able to trust the safety of such a vaccine if we're prevented from seeing the underlying data. Recognizing the growing threat from the Chinese Communist Party, congressional Republicans created the China Task Force to analyze the extent of the problem and propose policy recommendations to keep America competitive. Identifying cybersecurity solutions has been a critical part of this work. We're fortunate that the United States has a world-class institution that is already doing exceptional work to strengthen our cybersecurity. While the FBI protects us against foreign cyber operations, and CISA protects the nation's critical infrastructure, the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) sets cybersecurity standards for federal agencies and provides guidance and best practices for private industry. In other words, NIST provides government and businesses with the practical tools they need to develop and implement smart and strong cyber protections. This work is carried out through the NIST Cybersecurity Framework, which organizes cybersecurity activities into five broad actions: identify, protect, detect, respond, and recover from threats. This framework serves as the gold standard for the cyber protection and allows entities to organize information, address weaknesses, and manage risk more easily. In 2018, we passed a law directing NIST to expand this work and tailor their framework to meet the specialized needs of small businesses, which have very different structures than large companies or government agencies. Since NIST launched its framework for small businesses, we've already seen widespread adoption and successes across the country. Why does this matter? Because we've already proven that NIST can identify the unique challenges facing different industries and modify its framework to provide customized support. Just as small businesses have different cybersecurity needs than government agencies or large companies, so too do universities and research centers. As China targets their essential work on COVID-19, there has never been a more important time to provide these institutions with access to the best available cyber protection tools. That's why we've introduced legislation that directs NIST to provide tailormade guidance based on the NIST framework for our universities and research centers: the NIST COVID--19 Cybersecurity Act. NIST's guidance will identify the specific needs of our research enterprise and provide precise tools that allow institutions to make appropriate individual plans based on the size of their organization and the sensitivity of the data being used. Helping to defend our universities and research centers from attacks by China is one of the most straightforward and commonsense actions we can take to prevent and treat U.S. COVID-19 cases. Moreover, this initiative will provide us with valuable insight needed to protect other mission-critical research being conducted across the United States. The Chinese Communist Party has made it clear that they plan to become the global leader in industries of the future like artificial intelligence, quantum technology, and advanced manufacturing. Part of their strategy is acquiring our research, either through investment or theft. If they surpass us in these technologies, the consequences will be just as dangerous as if they surpass us in the fight against COVID-19. It's our responsibility to protect our research and our data and fight Chinese hacking and theft. Andy Barr represents the 6th District of Kentucky and Frank Lucas represents the 3rd District of Oklahoma and is ranking member of the House Science, Space, and Technology Committee.
By Frank Lucas The global economy is changing. To remain competitive in this evolving market, the United States needs a workforce skilled in science, technology, engineering and math (STEM). We're already seeing incredible demand for these skills. STEM careers are growing faster than any other sector. The growth in STEM careers is so strong, in fact, that employers are struggling to fill open jobs. In Oklahoma, for instance, our universities have doubled the size of their engineering programs but still can't keep up with demand. After the most recent class entered the job market, there were still more than 2,000 open engineering jobs in the state. Over the next decade, the STEM shortage is anticipated to reach 1 million professionals, according to the Bureau of Labor Statistics. Meeting this demand starts in the classroom. Students who bring STEM degrees and skills to the workforce have higher wages than their counterparts and starting salaries more than 30 percent higher than those for non-STEM jobs. We're making progress in improving STEM education, but there is more to be done. American students are still underperforming compared with other countries. One reason for that is the fact that many students -- especially those in rural areas -- don't have access to high-quality STEM learning opportunities. This is not an isolated problem. Nearly half of all public schools are considered rural and 20 percent of American schoolchildren attend rural schools. In Oklahoma that percentage is even higher -- one-third of our students attend rural schools. Students in rural schools face a number of barriers to accessing STEM education, including a shortage of science and math teachers, a high rate of teacher turnover and a lack of access to STEM resources. For instance, many rural students don't have internet access at home. Of the 21 million Americans who lack access to broadband, the majority live in rural areas. These barriers set rural students back, ultimately making them less competitive in the job market. The good news is that Congress can take action to improve rural STEM education. I've introduced a bill to do just that. The bipartisan Rural STEM Education Act includes a number of provisions to improve STEM education in rural areas by giving teachers more resources, engaging students though hands-on education, and increasing access to broadband. Taken together, these measures and others in the bill will dramatically improve rural STEM education. The benefits of that go far beyond the classroom. We can give our teachers more resources, make our students more competitive, and keep America at the forefront of technological development. It's time to give rural communities the tools they need for success. Congress can do that by passing the Rural STEM Education Act.
Congress convened a joint session on January 6-7, 2021, to count electoral votes by state and confirm the results of the 2020 presidential election. Lucas voted against certifying the electoral votes from Arizona and Pennsylvania. The House rejected both objections by a vote of 121-303 for Arizona and 138-282 for Pennsylvania.
